Brief Chronology of Rome

	Monarchy
	Republic
	Empire
	Divided Empire

B.C.E.:
	753 - Rome founded by Romulus (traditional date)
	510 - Rome's last king, Tarquin Superbus, is overthrown in a rebellion
	509 - Republic of Rome established
	508 - Rome makes a treaty with Carthage; Etruscans attack Rome, but do not capture it
	496 - Romans defeat the Latins
	494 - Plebieans of Rome revolt against the Patricians and gain their freedom; Office of tribune is created
	493 - Latin League is formed to unify Latium against the Etruscans
	450 - Law of Twelve Tables is published; Romans cololnize Italy
	440 - Plebians and Patricians are allowed to marry
	391 - Romans subjugate the Etruscans
	390 - Rome sacked by Gauls
	366 - 1st Plebeian council elected
	335 - Romans found Ostia
	341 - First Samnite War
	340-337 - Revolt and end of the Latin League
	327-304 - Second Samnite War
	312 - Construction begins on the Appian Way
	310 - Etruscans attack Rome but are defeated
	306 - Rome and Carthage sign a trade treaty
	304 - Rome and Samites make peace. Rome gains the area around Naples
	300 - Rome and Carthage sign a treaty
	298-291 - Romans at war with Tarentum and Pyrrhus
	290 - Rome defeats the Samnites, making Rome the dominant power in central Italy
	272 - Romans capture Tarrentum
	264 - Romans capture Volsinii; First gladiatorial games held in Rome
	264-241 - First Punic War-> Rome annexes Corsica, Sardinia, and Sicily; Aurelian Way completed
	225 - Romans defeat the Italian Celts
	215-205 - First Macedonian War
	218-201 - Second Punic War-> Carthage cedes Spain to Rome; Hannibal invades Italy
	200-196 - Second Macedonian War
	197 - Rome defeats Macedonians; Spain becomes a Roman province
	190 - Rome defeats Syria
	173 - Epicurians driven from Rome
	171 - Macedonians attack Rome but are defeated
	149 - Macedonia becomes a Roman province
	150-146 - Third Punic War-> Carthage destroyed
	146 - Rome sacks Corinth and makes all of Greece a Roman province; African and Macedonian provinces created
	135-132 - Slave Rebellion in Sicily
	133-122 - Gracchus brothers influence Roman politics
	113 - Province created in Asia Minor
	103-102 - Second Sicilian Slave Rebellion
	91-88 - Rome goes through a civil war
	89 - Romans (under Sulla) gain control of Italy; Italians granted Roman citizenship
	87 - Sulla conquers Athens; All Italians granted Roman citizenship
	82 - Rome enters another civil war; Sulla becomes dictator and restores the power of the Senate
	78 - Sulla dies-> Pompey comes to power
	73-71 - Sparticus leads a revolt of slaves and gladiators and is killed along with most of his folowers
	65 - Pompey conquers Palestine
	63 - Pompey annexes Syria and Judaea
	60 - First Triumvirate (Caesar, Pompey, Crassus) formed
	58-51 - Julias Caesar conquers Gaul (Gallic War)
	55 - Rome invades Britain but does not conquer it; Pompey's Theater built (first stone theatre in Rome)
	53 - Crassus is killed
	52 - Pompey appointed sole consul of Rome
	51 - Gaul becomes a Roman province
	49 - Julius Ceasar crosses the Rubicon; Julius Caesar occupies Rome
	48 - Forum Julius Caesar begins; Pompey is assassinated in Egypt
	48-45 - Julius Caesar campaigns in Africa, Asia Minor, Egypt, and Spain
	46 - Julias Caesar becomes dictator for 10 years
	45 - Julian calendar created- used until 1592 CE
	44 - Julius Caesar assassinated on March 15th
	43 - Second Triumvriate formed (Octavian, Antony, Lepidus)
	42 - Caesar is deified; Brutus and Cassius die
	36 - Octavian defeats Pompey-> Pompey dies
	31 - Octavian defeats Mark Antony and Cleopatra-> Mark Antony and Cleopatra committ suicide; Egypt becomes a Roman province
	27 - Octavian becomes consul of Rome
	23 - Octavian resigns as consul but becomes princep ("First Citizen") of Rome (essentially Emperor of Rome), although he will never formally adopt the title of Emperor
	15 - Roman lands extend to the upper Danube
C.E.:
	6 - Judea becomes a Roman province
	14 - Augustus dies, and Tiberius becomes the second Emperor
	43 - Romans invade Britain and found Londinium (London)
	54 - Nero becomes Emperor
	64 - Fires destroy most of Rome
	70 - Titus captures Jerusalem, and destroys the Jewish temple (Disapora)
	79 - Mt. Vesuvius erupts burrying Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Stabiae
	80 - Fires once again ravage Rome; Baths of Titus and the Coloseum are completed
	122 - Hadrian comissions the building of a wal in Britain to keep out the Scots and the Picts
	124 - The rebuilding of the Roman Pantheon is completed
	161-180 - Rule of Marcus Aurelius
	250 - Decius institutes "Emperor-Worship" and persecutes the Christians
	286 - Diocletian splits the Empire
	284-305 - Diocletian's changes the government to Despotism and moves the capital to Byzantium
	306 - Constantine declared ruler of the Eastern Empire
	308 - Maxentius declared ruler of the Western Empire
	312-337 - Rule of Constantine
	313 - Edict of Milan is instituted, allowing Christianity to be practiced in the Empire
	324 - Constantine reunites the Empire
	325 - Council of Nicea
	330 - Capital is renamed Constantinople (formerly Byzantium)
	337 - Death of Constantine, and the rule of his sons (Constantine II, Constans, and Constantius)
	351 - Constantius reunites the Empire
	363 - Mesopotamia is lost to the Persians
	364 - Empire is divided between Valentine in the West and Valens in the East
	369 - Scots and Picts driven from Roman parts of Britain
	383 - Roman legions leave Britain
	394 - Theodosius reunites the Empire for the final time
	395 - The Empire is permenantly divided
	410 - Rome sacked by Visigoths
	430 - St. Augustine dies
	439 - Vandals sack Carthage
	452 - Attila invades northern Italy
	455 - Vandals sack Rome
	476 - Romulus Agustus, the last Roman Emperor, is deposed by the Goths

B.C.E. (Before Common Era) = B.C.
C.E. (Common Era) = A.D.

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